The spate of rascality, such as kidnapping, piracy, terrorism, and hijacking in the maritime domain, is hampering the exploration and exploitation of the marine and blue economy globally. Nigeria has taken a cue from other maritime nations by establishing frameworks in line with various international conventions to ensure a functional blue economy and to ensure …More
Due Diligence Obligations Under UNCLOS: Navigating the Conduct- Result Dichotomy in the Context of Ocean Climate Change
23 July 2025Under the prevailing consensus that Articles 192 and 194(1)(2) of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) constitute due diligence obligations as obligations of conduct, small island states have advocated that in the context of climate change, these provisions should go beyond the due diligence obligations and encompass obligations of result. …More
Current Development – Comment to Directive (EU) 959/2023 establishing a system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Union and Decision (EU) 1814/2015 concerning the establishment and operation of a market stability reserve for the Union greenhouse gas Emission Trading System
23 July 2025With the adoption of EU Directive 959/2023, the scope of the European Trading System (ETS) has been extended to international maritime navigation. Following a usual pattern in this régime, the Directive sets out mandatory reduction targets, made more flexible by the possibility to allocate free GHG allowances, while establishing the application of a 50% share …More